Past Simple Tense من الماضي البسيطز
Past Simple Tense is the tense that we use to talk
about completed action in a time before now.
زمن الماضي البسيط هو الزمن الذي يستخدم للحديث عن الاحداث
التي وقعت وأنتهت في الماضي.
The use of
Present Simple Tense استخدام المضارع البسيط
We use past simple tense to talk about the time of the action that can be in the recent past or
the distant past and action duration is not important.
يستخدم الزمن
الماضي البسيط للحديث عن الفعل الذي حدث في الزمن الماضي سواء كان قريب أم بعيد
ولايهم مدة الفعل.
مثل:
My uncle died
last year.
He lived in Baghdad
in 1975.
We crossed the
Channel yesterday.
Sentence
Form with Main Verb صيغة الجملة مع الفعل الرئيسي
Affirmative
Form (صيغة الإثبات)
الجمع و المفرد |
Subject (plural/
Singular) + verb + ed + etc. |
They played football. She cooked the
dinner. |
ملاحظة: نضيف ( ed ) لأي فعل أساسي في الزمن الماضي البسيط إذا كان الفعل قياسي (regular) مثل:
(played, watched, cooked, …etc)
أما الافعال غير القياسية (irregular verbs) فغالبا ماتحفظ صيغها من الجداول المرفقة في كتب النحو، مثل:
(saw, went, cut, ..etc.)
:مثل
I saw Ahmed Yesterday.
She dressed up quickly.
They lived in Paris Two years ago.
Negative
Form (صيغة النفي)
الجمع و المفرد |
Subject (plural/
singular) + did + not + verb + etc. |
I did not play
football. She did not cook
the dinner. |
:مثل
I did not see Ahmed Yesterday.
She did not dress up quickly.
They did not live in Paris Two years ago.
Yes/
No- Question Form صيغة السؤال التصديقي
الجمع و المفرد |
Did + Subject (plural/ singular) + verb + etc.
+ ? |
Did you play football? Did she cook the dinner? |
:مثل
Did you see Ahmed Yesterday?
Did she dress up quickly?
Did they live in Paris Two years ago?
Wh-
Question Form صيغة السؤال التصوري
الجمع و المفرد |
Wh + did +
Subject (plural/ Singular) + verb + etc. + ? |
What did you
play? What did she
cook? |
ًWhen did you see Ahmed ?
How did she dress up ?
Where did they live Two years ago?
Sentence
Form with Verb (BE) صيغة الجملة مع أفعال الكينونة
Affirmative
Form صيغة الإثبات
الجمع |
Subject (plural)
+ were + etc. |
They were teachers. |
المفرد |
Subject (singular)
+ is + etc. |
She was beautiful. |
المتكلم |
I + am + etc. |
I was/ were late. |
ملاحظة الضمير(I) في الزمن الماضي يكون فعل الكينونة الخاص به أما (was/ were) حسب
التفضيل فصيغة ال (was) استخدمت حديثا، فيما لم تكن تستخدم سابقا.
:مثل
I was tired.
She was talent.
They were friends.
Negative Form صيغة النفي
الجمع |
Subject (plural)
+ were + not + etc. |
They were not teachers. |
المفرد |
Subject (singular)
+ was + not + etc. |
She was not beautiful. |
المتكلم |
I + was/ were + not +
etc. |
I was/ were not late. |
I was not tired.
She was not talent.
They were not friends.
Yes/
No- Question Form صيغة السؤال التصديقي
الجمع |
Were + Subject (plural) + etc. + ? |
were you teachers? |
المفرد |
was + Subject (singular) + etc. + ? |
Was she beautiful? |
Was you tired?
Was she talent?
Were they friends?
Sentence
Form with Verb (have) صيغة الجملة مع أفعال التملك
Affirmative
Form صيغة الإثبات
الجمع و المفرد |
Subject (plural/
singular) + had + etc. |
They had lecture. she had a cup of tea. I had an exam. |
I had a scholarship to London.
She had beautiful dresses.
Ahmed and Fatimah had three sons.
Negative
Form صيغة النفي
الجمع و المفرد |
Subject (plural/
singular) + had + not + etc. |
They had not lecture. she had not a cup of
tea. I had not an exam. |
I had not a scholarship to London.
She had not beautiful dresses.
Ahmed and Fatimah had not three sons.
Yes/
No- Question Form صيغة السؤال التصديقي
الجمع و المفرد |
Did Subject
(plural/ singular) + have + etc.
+ ? |
Did they have lecture? Did she have book? |
Did you have a scholarship to London?
Did she have beautiful dresses?
Did Ahmed and Fatimah have three sons?
Wh-
Question Form صيغة السؤال التصوري
الجمع و المفرد |
Wh + did + Subject (plural/ singular) + have + etc. + ? |
What did they have? What did she have? |
Where did you have a scholarship ?
What did she have?
How many sons did Ahmed and Fatimah have?
ملاحظة: في جميع الصيغ السابقة عند الدلالة عن الزمن
الماضي البسيط بالفعل المساعد ( did) فأن الفعل الرئيسي في الجملة يعود الى صيغته
الرئيسية الخالية من أي أضافة سواء للجمع أو المفرد.
.كما في الامثلة السابقة جميعا
ملخص تخطيطي للزمن الماضي البسيط
Reference:
Murphy, Raymond. (2004). English
Grammar in Use. Cambridge University Press
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